The first three chapters are devoted to logic, ontology, and computable models of reality. The newsletter is a quarterly publication, in the months march, june, september, and december a new issue is posted. Pdf in this paper, we propose ontological logic programming olp, a novel approach that combines logic programming with ontological reasoning. Flogic is a formalism that integrates logic with objectoriented programming. The web ontology language owl is a family of knowledge representation languages for. Discover the best computer programming logic in best sellers. Prolog, with its logicbased, declarative semantics offers many advan tages as a host programming language for querying and processing owl2 ontologies. Read on the mathematics of modelling, metamodelling, ontologies and modelling languages by brian hendersonsellers available from rakuten kobo. Ontologies resemble class hierarchies in objectoriented programming but there are several. An ontology defines a common vocabulary for researchers who need to share information in a. Ontologies have multiple advantages over other types of metadata organization. Storing and querying ontologies in logic databases. In this paper, we describe multiple ordersorted logic programming that transfers rigid properties from knowledge bases.
Ontologies provide formal names to real world objects in a specific domain. A learningbased ontology alignment approach using inductive logic. The collection marks two decades since the first ilp workshop in 1991. This book is my attempt at providing the rst textbook for an introduction in ontology engineering. Ontoclean, on the other hand, is a methodology that addresses the creation of clean ontologies, i.
Philosophy literally wrote the book on that topic before math latched on to it. There are, of course, lots of other books on knowledge representation, logic, xml, databases, etc, that are all relevant for the semantic web, but. John sowa integrates logic, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science into. Description and reasoning for vague ontologies using logic. F logic programming is an expressive rulebased formalismbased on f logic 15 that allows for objectoriented constructs and higherorder features, as well negation as failure. Ontologies also provide descriptive properties of those objects and their relationships. The book also contains an extensive bibliography and an index. Firstorder logic propositional logic only deals with facts, statements that may or may not be true of the world, e. Building rules on top of ontologies is the ultimate goal of the logical layer of the semantic web. The two fields have more in common than just their name. In firstorder logic variables refer to things in the world and, furthermore, you can quantify over. How to improve expressing domain semantics in ontologies. Answer set programming for the semantic web springerlink.
An ontology analysis implementation in constraint logic programming abstract. Ontologies establish a common and unambiguous terminology for knowledge formal representation and semi automatic reasoning, being gradually applied in semantic web services. Thus, merely using ontologies, like using xml, does not reduce heterogeneity. A secondary aim is to provide handson experience in ontology development that illustrate the theory. Building rules on top of ontologies for the semantic web with. Broad generalpurpose ontologies are emerging as well. Although f logic programming takes a prominent place in the development of. Similarly, as programmers accustomed to procedural programming have problems when introduced to declarative programming, if new ontology engineers are accustomed to other knowledge representation methods, they may not describe domain semantics well or not use some representation possibilities of ontologies appropriately. An introduction to description logic by franz baader. Logic programming is based on a subset of firstorder logic, namely horn logic, but uses a slightly different semantics and can be extended with nonmonotonic negation. Inductive logic programming, relational databases, ontologies, description logics, hybrid knowledge representation and reasoning systems.
Foundations of deductive databases and logic programming. Ontologies generally describe specific domains such as scientific research areas. I have read many papers and books about ontologies and i am trying to figure out that how they are used in a real project. Owl dl is so named due to its correspondence with description logic, a field of.
Part of the lecture notes in computer science book series lncs, volume 7994. Colore is an open repository of firstorder ontologies in common logic with formal links between ontologies in. Theory and applications of ontology is a twovolume. Part of the lecture notes in computer science book series lncs, volume 3564. A list of books is given on w3cs wiki site, comprising at this moment over 40 books in different languages, published by major publishers. Research paper undergraduate from the year 2015 in the subject computer science applied, grade. The web ontology language, owl, is the latest standard in logic based ontology languages. Combining firstorder logic and logic programming using. Logic and ontology stanford encyclopedia of philosophy.
Ontology was once understood to be the philosophical inquiry into the structure of reality. Over the years, there has been growing interest in logic programming due to applications in deductive databases, automated worksheets, enterprise management business rules, computational law, and general game playing. On the relationship between description logicbased and flogicbased ontologies, fundamenta. Indeed, there are books about ontology engineering, but they either promote one speci c ontology or methodology only, are handbooks, or are conference proceedings.
To appear in theory and practice of logic programming tplp. Distributed reasoning with ontologies and rules in order. Home browse by title books foundations of logic programming. Languages that allow the semantic annotation of information are becoming widely available. Owl is built on rdfs which helps us to define ontologies. What are the best books for improving programming logic. Logic category studies and exercises in formal logic by john neville keynes the macmillan company, 1906 in addition to a detailed exposition of certain portions of formal logic, the following pages contain a number of problems worked out in detail and unsolved problems, by means of which the student may test his command over logical processes. The following are libraries of humanselected ontologies. Humancentric decisionmaking models for social sciences. On the mathematics of modelling, metamodelling, ontologies. Justification based explanation in ontologies distinguished dissertation matthew horridge on.
A learningbased ontology alignment approach using inductive. But you can follow any of the programming books and there you will get better logic. Popular logic programming books showing of 30 programming in prolog. Abductive logic programming for normative reasoning and. Ontologies and logic programming for query answering. Both logic and ontology are diverse fields within philosophy and, partly because of this, there is not one single philosophical problem about the relation between them. Here, the author proposes vagueness description with metalevel logic programming to describe vague ontologies. In this paper, we propose a number of basic types and roles of ontologies, and use them as a basis to analyze several legal ontologies in the ai and law literature. Cambridge core programming languages and applied logic an. Almashaykhi2 abstract ontology have become a relevant representation formalism and many application domains are considering adopting them. Clocksin shelved 4 times as logic programming avg rating 3. An introduction to ontology engineering open textbook. Ontologies are formal definitions of vocabularies that allow us to define difficult or complex structures and new relationships between vocabulary terms and members of classes that we define. The larger is a kdb, the smaller the possibility of.
In michel, parigot and andrei, voronkov, editors, proc. It provides criteria for distinguishing different types of objects concrete and abstract, existent and nonexistent, real and ideal, independent and dependent and their ties relations, dependencies and predication. Nowadays, data management on the world wide web needs to consider very large knowledge databases kdb. A new approach to find ontology mapping using inductive logic programming. Many semantic web reasoners are based on logic programming principles and rule languages for the semantic web based on logic programming are an ongoing discussion. To be interoperable, an ontology needs an overarching basic formal ontology the usgs has one as is explained in this ambitious new book. Indeed, there are books about ontology engineering, but they. Colore is an open repository of firstorder ontologies in common logic with formal links between ontologies in the repository. An integrated environment for reasoning over ontologies via. I logic foundations for ontologies 23 2 first order logic and automated reasoning in a nutshell 25.
That the sex drive serves the vital desire for relationthat on the level of the primordial process, the desire for lifeinitself clothes itself in the sex drivebelongs to the particularity of being human. Programming in logic without logic programming theory and. His main fields of interest include declarative programming logic programming, constraint programming, the prolog language. Read the use of ontologies in practice by kevin rudolph available from rakuten kobo. Recently, however, a field called ontology has become part of the rapidly growing research industry in information technology. The corporate world is poised to adopt the use of ontologies in web applications. Concerning the first point, a challenging issue is how to adapt or extend answer set programming to represent ontological knowledge. Traditionally listed as a part of the major branch of philosophy known as metaphysics, ontology often deals with questions concerning what entities exist or may be said to exist.
Prolog has its roots in firstorder logic, a formal logic, and unlike many other programming languages, prolog is intended primarily as a declarative programming language. The increasing use of ontologies highlights the need for a library for working with ontologies that is efficient, accessible from various programming languages, and compatible with common computational platforms. Home ontologies and logic programming for query answering. The field at the interface of logic programming and data bases, known by such names as deductive database systems, expert database systems, and knowledgebase systems, has advanced tremendously in recent years. On querying ontologies with contextual logic programming cl. Most math books on the topic will be particularly unwieldy and overly broad to what a programmer might need. In this article, we evaluate approaches using logic reasoning applied to an ontology for literary characters. This page contains information on books that are strictly on the semantic web and linked data. The use of ontologies in practice ebook by kevin rudolph. Liu f and tran d fixpoint semantics and completeness of the computational model for fuzzy linguistic logic programming proceedings of the 4th international conference. Chapter 12 is an overview of research prototypes for integrating relational databases and logic programming. Cognitive architecture, means that there is a decision architecture that nativey exploits knowledge representation and inteligent inference based on it, as it is for example the case with bdi belief desire intention agents that use modal logic. Generating generalized logical rules based on background knowledge as mappings. Find the top 100 most popular items in amazon books best sellers.
An axiom description can be very exact crisp axiom or exact fuzzy axiom if its knowledge is complete, otherwise it is inexact vague axiom if its knowledge is incomplete. There have been collaborative initiatives that aimed for a. Traditional objectoriented programming languages can be di. We illustrate the application scenarios by means of examples. Pdf storing and querying ontologies in logic databases.
We discuss some dimensions in which to distinguish types of ontologies, for example considering their level of structure. The ability to use background knowledge, as an input to induction algorithm. A number of important philosophical problems are at the intersection of logic and ontology. For the purposes of this guide an ontology is a formal explicit description of concepts in a domain of discourse classes sometimes called concepts, properties of each concept describing various features and attributes of the concept slots sometimes called roles or. While ontology in its broad sense, the theory of what exists, is allencompassing and philosophical in scope, bobfo focuses on analyzing the information domain with an intended application in it.
An application of logic programming vangelis vassiliadis, jan wielemaker, chris mungall abstract. Ontologies for corporate web applications by obrst, leo. How to decide query containment under constraints using a description logic. The artificialintelligence literature contains many definitions of an ontology. Newest ontologies questions computer science stack. Specifically, we define the integer linear programming. On querying ontologies with contextual logic programming. This international workshop is one of the joint ontology workshops jowo 2015 a. Major logic programming language families include prolog, answer set programming asp and datalog. For example how the ontology for a soccer player robot can be defined and. Programming in logic without logic programming theory. So a major goal of this book is to convey ontology languages in detail. I dont have any specific recommendations but look to philosophy sections for books on logic. Programming in logic without logic programming volume 16 special issue robert kowalski, fariba sadri.
This book represents a selection of papers presented at the inductive logic programming ilp workshop held at cumberland lodge, great windsor park. Our system provides the components required to behave as a sparql query. The developer can then handle both ontologies and logicbased reasoning. There are, of course, lots of other books on knowledge representation, logic, xml, databases, etc, that are all relevant for the semantic web, but adding these to this list would be counter productive. The ability to use background knowledge, as an input to. The system presented in this paper uses contextual logic programming as a computational hub for representing and reasoning over knowledge modeled by web ontologies, integrating the approach with.
In this paper, we propose a mathematic approach based on integer linear programming, which is an optimization problem of maximizing or minimizing a linear objective function, to deal with dl ontologies. In humans and humans alone, sexuality is embodied in desirein the primordial desire for lifeasrelation. However, with maturity often comes a plethora of subdisciplines, which, a. An integrated environment for reasoning over ontologies via logic. Foundations of logic, machine calculation, and ai for scholarly anatomists. Logic databases are based on the formalisms of first order logic fol. He is involved in the development of the semantic web indexing project sindice. Can resolve structural inconsistencies between two different ontologies. Non monotonic reasoning for inconsistency handling and exception handling and expressing default negations in ontologies. Combining firstorder logic and logic programming using fol. More broadly, it studies concepts that directly relate to being, in particular becoming, existence, reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their relations. An integrated environment for reasoning over ontologies via logic programming. Any program written in a logic programming language is a set of sentences in logical form, expressing facts and rules about some problem domain.
Building ontologies with basic formal ontology bobfo is a 200 page introduction to the subject by robert arp, barry smith and andrew spear. It contains news, net postings, call for papers, comments, conference announcements and humour, all related to computational logic. Logic programming is a style of programming in which programs take the form of sets of sentences in the language of symbolic logic. In order to address these problems, we consider distributed reasoning services for ontologies and rules with decidable and effective computation. Ontologies are metadata schemas, providing a controlled vocabulary. Most of the published material on the topic is scattered through journal articles and conference proceedings. These logics were created from the attempts to formalize semantic networks and frame based systems. Also, they can be interpreted within a prooftheoretic approach to logical consequence from the logic programming paradigm lloyd, 1987. Description logics dl are logics serving primarily for formal description of concepts and roles relations. Part of the lecture notes in computer science book series lncs, volume 4670. The inference tool racer and the programming language prolog were tested and compared to see if they can serve as a computer assisted approach in this scenario. An application of logic programming vangelis vassilades, jan wielemaker, chris mungall abstract.
He is the author and coauthor of several related conference papers and books. We describe a system in which contextual logic programming is used as a mediator for knowledge modeled by ontologies. Abductive logic programming alp has been exploited to formalize societies of agents, commitments and norms, taking advantage from alp operational support as a static or dynamic verification tool. Resolving logical contradictions in description logic. Ijcai workshop ontologies and logic programming for. The developer can then handle both ontologies and logic based reasoning over them by. An ontology analysis implementation in constraint logic. It is suitable as a textbook at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate level. The description logic foundations of owl mean that it is possible to compute what is entailed by an owl ontology. Answer set programming asp 11,12,14, also called aprolog 15,16,17, is a.
An introduction to description logic and millions of other books are available for. This raises, in particular, the issue of interlinking rules and ontologies. This attention claims for methods for reusing domain knowledge resources in the development of domain ontologies. The integration of knowledge bases in classical firstorder logic and in particular of ontologies in various description logics with rule languages rooted in logic programming is receiving considerable attention in the context of current efforts around semanticweb languages. Description logics introduction to ontologies and semantic. This is the electronic newsletter of the association for logic programming.
His definitive new book shows how techniques of artificial intelligence. Ontologies and logic reasoning as tools in humanities. Query answering while taking ontologies into account. The book contains a large number of examples and exercises. Euzenat and shvaikos book is devoted to ontology matching as a solution to the semantic heterogeneity problem faced by computer systems.
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